藥理學領域 ChatGPT 的 10 個提問範例

這裡介紹的是在藥學領域，如何用 ChatGPT 生成實用的提示問句 (prompt) 範例，然後再套用提示句型來做詢問，以得到摘要資訊和相關實證文獻。

Prompt 提示

I am a pharmacist dedicated to evidence-based medicine and pharmacology. Please give me 10 useful prompt examples for querying ChatGPT in order to get high-quality evidence literature about medicine and pharmacology.

中文：
我是致力於實證醫學和藥理學的藥師。請提供我 10 個實用的提示範例，以便查詢 ChatGPT 來獲取關於醫學和藥理學的高質量證據文獻。

ChatGPT 的回應

Here are 10 useful prompt examples for querying ChatGPT to obtain high-quality evidence literature about medicine and pharmacology:

1. Clinical Trials and Studies:
   “Can you provide the latest clinical trials and studies on the efficacy of [specific medication] for treating [specific condition]?”

2. Drug Mechanisms:
   “Explain the mechanism of action of [specific drug] and provide recent evidence supporting its use in [specific condition].”

3. Comparative Effectiveness:
   “What are the recent comparative effectiveness studies between [Drug A] and [Drug B] for the treatment of [specific condition]?”

4. Guideline Updates:
   “What are the latest updates in clinical guidelines for the management of [specific condition] and how do they impact the use of [specific drug]?”

5. Meta-Analyses:
   “Can you summarize the findings of recent meta-analyses on the use of [specific class of drugs] in [specific population or condition]?”

6. Adverse Effects:
   “What are the documented adverse effects of [specific medication], and what recent evidence is available regarding their management?”

7. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics:
   “Provide recent literature on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of [specific drug] and their clinical implications.”

8. Drug Interactions:
   “What are the recent findings on drug interactions between [specific medication] and [another medication or class of drugs]?”

9. Long-term Outcomes:
   “Summarize the evidence on the long-term outcomes of patients treated with [specific medication] for [specific condition].”

10. Emerging Therapies:
    “What are the emerging therapies in the treatment of [specific condition], and what evidence supports their use?”

These prompts are designed to elicit detailed and evidence-based responses that can help you stay informed about the latest developments in medicine and pharmacology.

中文：
以下是 10 個實用的提示範例，可用來查詢 ChatGPT 以獲取關於醫學和藥理學的高質量證據文獻：

1. 臨床試驗和研究：
   “你能提供有關 [特定藥物] 治療 [特定疾病] 效果的最新臨床試驗和研究嗎？”

2. 藥物機制：
   “解釋 [特定藥物] 的作用機制，並提供支持其在 [特定疾病] 中使用的最新證據。”

3. 療效比較：
   “最近有哪一些研究比較了 [藥物A] 和 [藥物B] 治療 [特定疾病] 的療效？”

4. 指南更新：
   “在管理 [特定疾病] 的最新臨床指南更新中，有哪些變化？這些更新如何影響 [特定藥物] 的使用？”

5. Meta分析：
   “你能總結最近有關 [特定藥物類別] 在 [特定人群或疾病] 中使用的 Meta 分析結果嗎？”

6. 不良反應：
   “有哪些記錄在案的 [特定藥物] 的不良反應？最近有關這些不良反應管理的證據有哪些？”

7. 藥物動力學和藥效學：
   “提供有關 [特定藥物] 的藥物動力學和藥效學的最新文獻，並說明其臨床意義。”

8. 藥物相互作用：
   “最近有關 [特定藥物] 與 [另一種藥物或藥物類別] 之間相互作用的研究結果是什麼？”

9. 長期效果：
   “總結有關使用 [特定藥物] 治療 [特定疾病] 患者的長期效果的證據。”

10. 新興療法：
    “在治療 [特定疾病] 方面，有哪些新興療法？有哪些證據支持其使用？”

這些提示旨在引出詳細且基於證據的回答，幫助您了解醫學和藥理學領域的最新發展。

Example 應用例子

prompt

I am a pharmacist dedicated to evidence-based medicine and pharmacology.
Can you provide the latest clinical trials, studies, and guidelines on the indications of dabigatran and the efficacy for treating or prevention the diseases.
List relevant academic papers.

ChatGPT 的回應

Here are some of the latest clinical trials, studies, and guidelines on the indications and efficacy of dabigatran:

1. Comparison of DOACs:
   A recent study compared the effectiveness and safety of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), including dabigatran, in patients with atrial fibrillation. The study found that while dabigatran has a similar efficacy to other DOACs in preventing thromboembolic events, it showed a higher incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding compared to other agents like apixaban and rivaroxaban【11†source】【12†source】.

2. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis:
   A systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the safety profile of dabigatran compared to other treatments. This review included seven randomized controlled trials and found that dabigatran did not significantly increase the risk of major bleeding, intracranial hemorrhage, or fatal adverse events. However, it was associated with a higher risk of gastrointestinal bleeding【12†source】.

3. Guidelines and Indications:
   Dabigatran is indicated for the prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation, treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), and prevention of recurrent DVT and PE. Recent guidelines emphasize its role as a viable alternative to warfarin, particularly due to its predictable pharmacokinetics and fewer drug interactions【11†source】【13†source】.

4. Real-World Data:
   Observational studies and real-world data continue to support the use of dabigatran in various clinical settings. For example, a nationwide study from Iceland analyzed the use of dabigatran in patients with atrial fibrillation, reinforcing its effectiveness in preventing strokes while highlighting the importance of monitoring for gastrointestinal bleeding【11†source】.

5. Head-to-Head Comparisons:
   Comparative studies between dabigatran and other DOACs have provided mixed results. While some studies suggest comparable efficacy among these agents, others highlight differences in safety profiles, particularly concerning bleeding risks. Dabigatran, in particular, requires careful patient selection to minimize adverse effects【11†source】【12†source】.

These findings underscore the importance of individualized patient care and continuous monitoring when using dabigatran, especially considering its varying risk profile compared to other anticoagulants. For detailed guidelines and specific study outcomes, you can refer to the original articles and systematic reviews available on platforms like the American Society of Hematology, Frontiers in Pharmacology, and the European Heart Journal【11†source】【12†source】【13†source】.

中文提示

我是致力於實證醫學和藥理學的藥師。
你能提供有關 dabigatran 治療效果的最新臨床試驗和研究嗎？
列出相關的學術文獻。

ChatGPT 的回應

最新有關 dabigatran 治療效果的臨床試驗和研究

臨床試驗和研究

1. 比較DOACs的有效性和安全性：
   一項全國性傾向評分加權研究比較了dabigatran、rivaroxaban和apixaban在非瓣膜性房顫患者中的療效和安全性。研究結果顯示，dabigatran在降低中風或全身性栓塞的風險方面具有顯著效果，且在大出血事件中的發生率較低【84†source】【85†source】。

2. 長期比較有效性和安全性：
   一項在非瓣膜性房顫患者中的多中心回顧性隊列研究，評估了dabigatran和rivaroxaban的長期有效性和安全性。結果顯示，dabigatran在總出血、大出血和全因死亡率方面均低於rivaroxaban【87†source】。

3. 急性門靜脈血栓形成的治療：
   在肝硬化患者中，dabigatran與rivaroxaban在急性門靜脈血栓形成治療中的比較研究顯示，兩者在再通率方面相似，但dabigatran在某些次要結果（如肝功能改善和生存率）方面具有更好的表現【86†source】。

4. RE-LY試驗：
   RE-LY試驗是評估dabigatran在中風預防中的一項重要研究，涉及超過18,000名非瓣膜性房顫患者。研究表明，dabigatran在預防中風和全身性栓塞方面優於warfarin，且不需要常規的血液監測【84†source】。

相關學術文獻

1. Quan, H., et al. (2011): “Updating and validating the Charlson comorbidity index and score for risk adjustment in hospital discharge abstracts using data from 6 countries.” Am. J. Epidemiol.
2. Ray, W. A., et al. (2021): “Association of rivaroxaban vs apixaban with major ischemic or hemorrhagic events in patients with atrial fibrillation.” JAMA.
3. Ruff, C. T., et al. (2014): “Comparison of the efficacy and safety of new oral anticoagulants with warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation: A meta-analysis of randomised trials.” Lancet.
4. Rutherford, O. W., et al. (2020): “Comparison of dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and apixaban for effectiveness and safety in atrial fibrillation: A nationwide cohort study.” Eur. Heart J. Cardiovasc Pharmacother.
5. Lawal, O. D., et al. (2023): “Comparative effectiveness and safety of direct oral anticoagulants and warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation and chronic liver disease: A nationwide cohort study.” Circulation.
6. Lau, W. C. Y., et al. (2022): “Comparative effectiveness and safety between apixaban, dabigatran, edoxaban, and rivaroxaban among patients with atrial fibrillation: A multinational population-based cohort study.” Ann Intern Med.
7. Bai, Y., et al. (2017): “Rivaroxaban versus dabigatran or warfarin in real-world studies of stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation: systematic review and meta-analysis.” Stroke.
8. Wang, C. L., et al. (2018): “Efficacy and safety of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants in atrial fibrillation patients with impaired liver function: a retrospective cohort study.” J Am Heart Assoc.
9. Tripodi, A., Mannucci, P. M. (2011): “The coagulopathy of chronic liver disease.” N Engl J Med.
10. Lip, G. Y., et al. (2010): “Refining clinical risk stratification for predicting stroke and thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation using a novel risk factor-based approach: the Euro heart survey on atrial fibrillation.” Chest.

這些文獻和研究結果提供了有關dabigatran在各種臨床情境下的有效性和安全性的詳細信息，支持其在抗凝治療中的應用。